Speed governor



June 12, 1923.

W. S. DORMAN SPEED GOVERNOR 2 Sheets-Sheet 1 Original Filed Aug. 12 1920 WQ Emiiiiilllll lilll "um";

INVENTOR.

June 12, 1923. 1,458,476

' w. vs. DORMAN 1 SPEED GOVERNOR Original Filed Aug. 12, 1920 2 Sheets-Sheet 2 ifaigm I i'icalz/ W INVENTOR.

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WILLIAM S. DORIVIAN, OF BROOKLYN, NEVJ YORK, ASSIGNOR TO ROSS G. LEGNARD,

y nsane 015 BROOKLYN, NEtV YQRK.

SPEED GOVERNOR.

Application filed August 12, 1920, Serial No. 403,104. Renewed September 2, 1922. Serial No. 586,023.

To aZZ whom it may concern Be it known that I, l VILLIAM'S. DORMAN, a citizen of the United States of America, and resident of Brooklyn, Kings County, State of New York, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Speed Governors, of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to certain improve ments in speed governors, and the objects and nature of the invention will be readily understood by those skilled in the art in the light of the following explanation of the accompanying drawings illustrating what I now believe to be the preferred mechanical expression-or embodiment of my invention from among other forms, construe tions and arrangements within the spirit and scope thereof.

An object of the invention is to provide certain improvements in speed limiting devices of the type wherein a speed responsive mechanism, such, as a centrifugal governor, cooperates with a valve to throttle the ntake conduit through which the explosive engine or other motor receives its supply of motive fluid, for the purpose of preventing the speed of the motor and consequently the speed of the vehicle from exceeding a certain predetermined limit for which the device has been set or adjusted.

With these and other objects in view, the invention consists in certain novel features in construction and in combinations and arrangements as more fully and particularly set forth and specified hereinafter.

Referring to the accompanying drawings;--

Fig. 1, is a side elevation showing the de vice of my invention interposed between the carburetor and intake manifold of a motor.

vehicle. I i

Fig. 2 is a detached perspective view of the device of my invention, a portion being broken away. I I

Fig. 8 is a horizontal longitudinal section of the structure shown by Fig. 2, taken along horizontal lines to show the valve in top plan. and to show the housing and centrin ugal governor in central longitudinal section.

Fig. 1- is a cross section onthe line 4-l,

Fig. 3.

Fig. 5, is a detail perspective, the valve and centrifugal governor controlling spring being indicated by dotted lines.

Fig. 6 is a detail cross section througha portion of the valve and its seat.

Fig. 7 is a section on the liiie'7.7, Fig. 3.

In the particular embodiment of my invention disclosed, I providea valve casing '1 constructed and arranged to be included in the intake conduit and to form and con stitute a portion of said conduit. In this instance, I show a casing secured to the carburetor 2 and the intake manifold 3, and interposed between said parts, although I do not wish to so limit my invention. i

In this instance, I show the valve casing (considered as a whole) formed with inlet port a' through its bottomwvall, and outlet port 6 through its top wall and alined with port a. The port a; is alined and registers with the carburetor outlet, andv the port I) with the manifold inlet, and the casing is,

titted between, and usually conforms to the flanges of the necks of the carburetor and manifold, and (in this instance) is shown secured thereto by the bolts 4 passing through said flanges and the casing and thereby clampmg the carburetor and manifold necksto the casing to form interven-' .lllg tight joints, and providing a direct passage through th casing from carburetor to manifold. It is in this passage that the throttle valve is located. i

The casing isformed with suitable annular top and bottom seats or faces around the ports I), a, to fit the flanges of the manifold and carburetor, while the casing walls have thickened or elongated opposite ends through which vertical holes a extend to receive the clamping bolts 4-. The casings can be provided in standard shapes and sizes] to fit the standard carburetor and manifold neck flanges and intervening spaces,-and hence the casings can be readily assembled with the carburetors and manifolds and secured by the bolts 4 such as usually employed for securing the carburetors and manifolds.

I show a throttle valve of the rotary or shutter type, in this instance, comprising a flat oircular stationary disk 5, forming the valve seat, and an approximately similar flat circular disk 6 resting againstand parallel with disk 5 and mounted to rotate ona center vertical axis and forming the valve element.

The valve seat is formed with a center hub 5 and an annular rim 5 and the valve is likewise formed with a center hub 6 and an annular rim 6". The bores of the two hubs are alined and the hubs abut end to end, and the rims also abut at their meeting side faces. The valve is confined to the seat by center screw 7 which constitutes the axis on which the valveis rotatable, and it so desired, the screw can be adjustable to regulate the fit or tension between the valve and its seat.

The valve and seat are of the grill or shutter type to secure quick maximum open- 'ing and closing by a slight or short move-- ment. For instance, the annular portions of both the seat and valve between the hubs and rims are composed of radial bridge-s 5, 6", and intervening radialslots or slits 5 6 The bridges and slits oi the seat correspond to the bridges and slits oi the valve, so that when the valve slits register with the seat slits and the valve bridges with the seatbridges, the valve is in maximum open position for passage or the full motor charge through the conduit. When the valve bridges overlie and cover the slits ofthe seat, such slits are approximately closed against passage of motor charge and the valve is in maximum closed position, and when the valve is in intermediate positions more or. lessthrottling is attained, willbe readily understood by those skilled in the art. Of course, those skilled in the art understand that'when the valve is in said closed position, there is, as a rule, provision for passage of just enough motor charge (combustible mixture) to keep the motorat least turning over so that the motor can prom tly pick up again when the vehicle speec is properly reduced and the valve again opened.

The valve and its seat span and control the conduit through the casing and in order to permit location of these elements in and their removal from the casing, saidcasing is provided with a separatelyformed annular end l fitted and secured to the casing body, the valve and its seat being interposed between said body and said end. Injthe exampleillustrated, the body 1 is annularly and internally rabbeted or recessedto receive the rims of the valve and its seat and to provide annular shoulder 1. to which the rim of the valve is confined by the seat. The rim of the seat is formed with a flange 5 and said seat and its flange are countersunk in the body 1 and removably secured by suitable means such as one or more machine screws 5 The casing end is secured to the casing body by suitable means, such screws 1, and in the finished casing these screws areusually concealed by solder,

--In assembling, the valve and its seat are secured together by axis or pivot screw 7, andther'eafter are handled as a unit when being located in the casing, and then concealed from the exterior of the casing by the casing end 1 The pivot screw 7 is usually provided with a slotted end head accessible through the port 6 before the casing is secured to the manifold or carburetor (or by detaching the casing) for adjusting the valve toward or from its seat.

The valve casing carries the centrifugal governor or speed responsive device and 0p erative connections therefrom to the valve.

For instance, I show the valve casing formed integral with an extension in the form of an elongated straight housing or tubular guide 8, arranged exteriorly and to one side of the casing, approximately tangentially with respect thereto and projecting in opposite directions therefrom.

The reciprocatory valve stem is longitudinally arranged within this housing, and the centrifugal governor is arranged in an appropriate chamber located at one end of said housing, the other end of the housing being open and provided with suitable closures normally closing the same.

In this instance, the valve stem comprises two alined abutting sections or rods 9, 9 The stem section 9 is operatively connected to the valve through the medium of a rigid lateral arm 9 normally fixed with respect to said stem section, and a wrist pin 6 rigid with and rising from the valve at a point between the hub and rim of the valve. The arm 9 is formed. with a longitudinal slot or socket receiving-the pin for operatively joining the pin and arm. In this particular instance, this slot or socket is Formed by the bifurcated end 9" of the arm.

In this example, the lateral arm 9 is formed by a piece separate from the stem and provision is madetor relative adjustment whereby the position of the arm longitudinally of the stem can be varied. I hence show the outer end of the arm formed with a nut or hub 9 havinga screw threaded bore through which the longitudinally threaded portion 9 of the stem extends; After the stem and arm have been adjusted to the desired position, the parts can be locked together by set screw it). accessible through a hole lOin the tubular l'iousing (Fig. 4:).

T he nut or hub 9 in this instance, also serves as an abutment on the valve stem. for the inner end of the valve spring 11.

A. hollow nut 12 receives the outer end of the spring and forms the abutment for said end.

The open outer end of the housing is internally threaded to receive said nut and to permit longitudinal adjustment thereof to vary the tension oi the spring on the valve. This nut projects from the housing end and its outer end is formed to receive a suitable nut-rotating tool. The nut is formed with iii) a longitudinal bore opening. through its outer whichthe stem 3M1 berotated to adjust the arm 9'. i I i I preferably enclose the outer ends of the nut 12 and stem by a removable cap 13, screwing exterior-1y on the projecting end of the nut. The ends of thecap and housing are preferably formed to provide for a tight joint between their meeting faces and to permit application of a seal, after the proper adjustments have been effected and the parts have been so set. I

The valve operating arm 9" of the valve stem, extends through. and moves in a horizontal elongated slot 1 in the wall of the casing l intervening between the interiors of thecasing 1. and its extension 8. This slot is con'iparatively narrow to confine the arm to its path of movement parallel with the plane of the valve and to hold the nut 9 of the arm against rotation with the stem. At its other end, the casing extension or housing 8,.carries the governor and provides the governor compartment or chamber. a

This compartment is formedfby a circular exterior end wall. or head 14- integ'ral with the housing 8 having a cylindrical flange 14:, and a bell or cupshaped housing '15, longitudinally fittingtlie flange la and (in this instance) removably secured theretoby a screw threaded connection. Within the compartment, the end of housing 8 forms a' section 9. i I

The stem section 9 is formed with a stop.

head 9 within the governor compartment and opposite and adapted to abut the end face of the boss 8*... The section 9 forms a push stem with its end within the housing. 8 arranged to abut the adjacent end of stem section 9, to force the valve on closing move-. ment. J y

The parts are so arranged that spring 11 constantly acts on the stem to yieldingly hold the valve in full open position, and the stem stop head 9 at its limit of movement (to the right Fig. away from the [end face of the boss 8. I

A centrifugal governor is provided in the governor compartment, to act on the stem stop head 9 and force the same toward the bearing boss end face and consequently move the valve on throttling stroke through the medium of the valve stein, when the speed of the motor or ofthe vehicle exceeds the limit for which the governor is set.

The governor comprises and is carried and driven by a hollow snindle l6 lon itudinall arranged in the governor compartment in alinement with the longitudinal axis of thev valve stem and cylindrical surface of boss 8?. .The bearing boss extends long tudinally into this spindle which rotates onthe cylin.--. drical outer surface thereof and is'centered and its inner endis supported thereby.

The inner .end face of the hollow spindle 16 abuts the side face of the wall 14 to limit longitudinal movement of said spindle toe ward said wall.

opposing annular shoulder of the governor housing formed by the outer end wall of said housing, where said housing contracts to form the central longitudinally projecting hollow neck or nipple 15- Thisproje'cti'ng neclrprovi-des a longitudinal bearing for the reduced cylindrical outer, journal end .90

16 of thegovernor spindle. T he reduced ournal end 16 of the spindleis formed with a longitudinal socket 16, angular in cross section, and an air tight wall is provided between this socket andthe interior of the spindle to prevent air leakage. The socket 'ib' is formed toreino vably receive the angu- 15 through the reduced-bearing bore there-' inandis driven in any suitable manner .or

This drive shaft exbyany suitable means, for instance, by

flexible shai'ting from any rotary member driven by the motor orby' any rotary portionoI the vehicle, as will be understood by those skilled in the art. Q i The driving means for the governor is arranged to'rota't-e the governor at a known proportionate or sealed speed with respect i 110 to the R. P. lid. of the motor, a propeller, or with respect to the travel of a vehicle.

. The governor-embodies an outer side circul-ar disk '18 forming a head surrounding and fixed to the spindle'lfi and consequently rotating therewith, anda corresponding opposing inner side rotary head "movable ,lon gitudinallv of said spindle and formed by a circular disk 19 spaced from and arranged between fixed head 18 and the casing wall:

14. The movable head 19 isfixed to a hub or sleeve l9 surrounding, longitudlnally,

slidable on and rotating with the spindle 16. The hub i9 is confinedto rotate, with-- the spindle through the medium otia cross- 1 member such as a pin 19" at its ends fitted in perforations in the hub and "diametrically f its bore and consequently dia metrically spanning the bore or interior "chamber ofthe spindle; Longitudinal movement of the hub on the spindle is provided for by diametrically opposite longitudinal slots 16 in the spindle and-through which the pin extendsand in-which it is movable longitudinally of the spindle. The impelling Weights of the centrifugal governor are formed by an annular ring or series of loose balls 20 surrounding the hub 19 and arrangedbetween the adjacent parallel flat side faces of the twoheads l8, 19. I

The annular. edge or run portions 6 of these'two heads aretapered or flared in opbetween the heads with an annular circumposite directionsso as toconverge and there by form the annular balls space or chamber "on the two headslongitudinally of the centrifugal axis of rotation and consequently will force the movable head 19' toward the valve'stem. V

The pin 19 extends diametrically across the interior chamber ofthe spindle outwardly beyond the end face of the spindle bear .ing boss 8 and also'outwardly beyond the stop head 9of the valve push stem. Th s" ,pin '19 is utilized as the operative connec- "tion between the governor and the valve I under such force that thegover push stem. When the speed of the governor is excessive (is beyond the R. l M. for which the governor hasv been set) the outward pressure of the balls on the fiared rims of the governor w'ill force the movable head 19. consequently the pin 19? toward the left (Figand the pin contacting withthe valve stem head 9 will force the valve stem toward the left remove the valve on its throttling stroke a gainst'the tension of its spring 11." This spring serves to return the governor to normal position (through the medium of the valve stem)- as well as to re-' turn the throttle valve to normal position.

The spring ll is adjusted so that its tension )en' position or will not move the valve from 'such posit on unless and until the l. M. of such governor exceeds a certain predetermined limit. For

will hold the throttle valve in o} instance, speed limiting devices are usually adjusted when applied to commercial vehicles, to automaticallythrottle down the motorwhen the speed of travel of theve- .hicle exceeds 'twelveimiles hour,more or the motor eat-- less, or when the speed or I ceeds a eertamnumber of R. P. M. This limit in my device s fixed and determined bythe tension or pressure of the valve spring on the valve. The governor must reach a certaln speed to generate the necessary power through its weights to force back the spring and move the valve on its throttling stroke; I

niach speed limiting device is set or adj usted, to suit the particular motor to which it is to be applied, is, according to motor type, horse power, operating speed, etc. I ordinarily form the slit or slot ports in the valve and its seat so that the total maximum capacity thereof is sufiicient to supply motive fluid for high speed and horse power motors at their martin-rum speed. By rotation of steni9 and adjustment of the spring, I can set the position of the valve at normal operation through arm 9, to suit the'particular motor to which the device is applied, and also control the limit of closing or throttling movement of thevalve lvlotors of difierent makes require throttled inlets of different capacities to'insure sui'iicient fuel to keep the motors slowly.

turning. Hence, one motor will require a different throttling limit for the throttling valve from that required by another motor. I The cross member 19." of the governor has an approximately fixed normal position and path of movement longitudinally of the gov-1 ernor and the engagement of the valve stem head 9 with saidpin limits the opening uovei'uent of the valve while the engagement of said head 9 with the end of boss 8 limits the closing movement of the valve.

It will be noted that the governor is first assembled, and then as a unit placed inthe bell-shaped housing. The housing then car--- ries the governor and it can be thus applied to and removed from the casing. The-push stem 9 is placed in the casing through the bore in, the bearing boss 8 before the bell shaped housing carryingthe governor, is applied to the casing. I

lt will be noted, that the casing can be assembled with the manifold and carburetor, with either port a or Z, uppermost, or with the governor located at either the right or left hand (Fig. 3), particularly as it makes no difference in. the operation of the valve whether it is above or below its seat, or in fact, whether-the valve and its seat are arranged horizontally or vertically.

It is evident that various changes, modifications and variations might be resorted to, that features might be added and parts omitted, without departing from the spirit and scope of my invention, and hence I do not wishto limit myself to the exact disclosures hereof.

. .What I claim is I 15A speed limiting device comprising a valve casing at one end having a longitudinallyprojecting boss with-an exterior cylindrical bearing surface, a throttling-valve movable in said casing to control the motive fluid "passage therethrough, a spring in the casing normally holding said valve in open position, a housing removably secured to the end of the casing having said boss, a centrifugal governor within said housing and removable therewith, said housing providing'a hearing for said governor, said governor also removably fitting and rotating on said boss, the outer end ofsaid housing having a longitudinal bearing opening for the reception of driving means for said gover nor, and means extending through said-boss" for operatively connecting the governor and valve. 7

2. A'speed limiting device comprising a valve casing havinga projecting boss with an exterior cylindrical bearing surface, a

spring-held throttling valve in the casing, a stem movable through said boss forforcing the valve on its throttlingmovement,a hous ing removably secured to the casing, a corn trifugal governor arranged n and removable with said housing and embodying a rotary spindle having a hollow end removablyn receiving and rotating on said boss, the outer end of said housing providinga bearing in which the outer end of said spindle isconlined, said spindle formcdto receive driving, means, said housing havingan opening for the reception of said driving me ns. said centrifugal governor being opera ively arranged with respect to said stem to actuate the same.

8. A speed limiting device comprisingah valve casing at one end providing an exterior cylindrical bearing surface, a throttling valve in said casings housing on said casing end and removably confined thereto and at its outer end provided with a longitudinal bearing and a bore opening through the housing endvin longitudinal. continue tion of said bearing, and ti/centrifugal gov ernor arranged toactuate said valve on its throttllng stroke, said centrifugal governor being confined in and carried by said housing and embodying a rotary spindle at its,

boss projecting into the housing, and a cen trifugal governor confined within and removable with said housing and arranged to control said valve and embodying a rotary longitudinal spindle having a hollow end removably receiving and centered on said boss and at its other end confined and l means, said exteri or o A speed limiting device comprising a valve casing-at one end having an exterior mounted in the outer end of'said housing, said spii lie formed to 'receiv [driving ingformed with a bore for 4 i i die sass ne housing to said spindle.

cylindrical bearing surface, a throttle valve in said casing, housingfforming a con:

trifugal governor compartment at said end of the casing and at its outer portion formed vith a longitudinal reduced]bearing, said housing having :1 bore for the entranceof governor driving means, and a centrifugal governor arranged in said housing 1n opera tive actuating relation to said valve, said governor-embodying a rotary spindle formed to operatively recei e said driving means,

one end of said spindle longitudinally fitting said cylindrical driving surface and arranged to abut the adjacent casing wall, the opp'osite'end of said spindle reducedto fit in said bearing and to form annular:

shoulder to abut the adjacenthousing wall. 6; A speed limiting device comprising a valve casing at one end having a boss with a cylindrical bearing surface, a throttle valve in said casing, 21 housing at said end of the casing providing a spindle bearing, and also providing for the entrance of driving means to saidspindle, a centrifugal go-V-' ernor in said housing, sa'id centrifugal governor embodying a sp ndle mounted insaid bearingiand having a hollow end centered onsaid'boss, centrifugal weights, means ac tu'ated by said: weights and extending intosaidhollow end and movable longitudinally thereof, and actuating means for said valve movable through said boss and extending into said hollow end into operative relation. vwith said means actuated by the weights.

, driving means from the '7. A speed limiting device comprising a casing forminga conduit, a rotary throttle valve spanning the conduit with its axle of rotation within and arranged longitudinally of the conduit, said valve having a wrist pin projecting from its side face between the valve axis and its periphery, said'casing having an exterior extension arranged be side the same, the casing projectinglater ally from the extension, a housing carried by one end of the extension, a centrifugal pressed reciprocatory push rod oonnectionin line withthe governor axis and longitudinally within said extenslon and located outgovernor in the housing, I and a spring sideof said'conduit and provided with a lateral arm projecting therefrom to a point beside said valve and into operative engagement with said wrist pin, said push rod connection having operative relation with the governor and operating and controlling thev position of said valve, means being provided for setting the valve with respect to said push rod connection to vary the opening and closing limits of the valve by adjusting said arm longitudinally of said push rod connection. j

A speed limiting device comprising a casing forming a conduit, a rotary throttle valve and its seat spanning the conduit with the axis. of rotation of the valve arranged longitudinally of the conduit, said casing having an exterior tubular extension arrangedbeside the same with the casing projectmg laterally from the extension, a centri'fugal governor carried by the extension, a spring pressed reciprocatory push rod connection in line with the governor axis and arranged longitudinally Within said exten sion, and means coupling sald connection to the valve at a side race thereof to operate and control the position of the valve, said I valve spanning the conduit with its axle of rotation Within and arranged longitudinally ofthe conduit, said casing having an exterior extension arranged beside the same, the

casing projecting laterally from the extension, a housing carried by one end of the extension, a centrifugal governor in the housing, and a spring pressed reciprocatory push rod connection in line with the governor axis and longitudinally within said extension and located outside of said conduit and provided with a lateral arm projecting therefrom to a point beside said. valve and operatively connected. thereto, said push rod connection having operative relation with the governor, means being provided for setting thevalve with respect to said push rod connection to vary the opening and closing limits of the valve by adjusting said arm longitudinally of said push rod connection.

10. A speed limiting device comprising a casing forming a conduit, a rotary throttle valve and its seat spanning the conduit with the axis of rotation of the valve arranged longitudinally of the conduit, said casing having an exterior tubular extension arranged beside thesame with the casing projecting laterally from the extension a centrifugal governor carried by" the extension, a spring pressed reciprocatory push rod connection in line with the governor axis and arranged longitudinally within said extension, and means extending laterally from said connection and operatively coupling said connection to the valve torotate and control the valve, said connection being constantly held in operative contact withfa moving part of the governor to limit the opening movement of the valve, said connection having a head to engage ash'oulder of the extension'to limit the closingmovement of the valve. WILLIAM S. DORMAN. 

